2016美国注册会计师考试《财务会计与报告》习题(2)

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　　1.Beach Co. determined that the decline in the fair value (FV) of an investment was below the amortized cost and other than temporary. The investment was classified as available-for-sale on Beach\'s books. The controller would properly record the decrease in FV under U.S. GAAP by including it in which of the following?

　　a. Other comprehensive income section of the income statement only.

　　b. Earnings section of the income statement and writing down the cost basis to FV.

　　c. Other comprehensive income section of the income statement, and writing down the cost basis to FV.

　　d. Extraordinary items section of the income statement, net of tax, and writing down the cost basis to FV.

　　答案：B

　　Explanation

　　Choice "b" is correct. When an available-for-sale security is determined to be impaired because of an other than temporary decline in fair value below cost, the asset must be written down to the lower fair value by recording a loss that is recognized on the income statement.

　　Choice "a" is incorrect. The impairment of an available-for-sale security must be recorded on the income statement. Only gains and temporary losses on available-for-sale securities are reported in other comprehensive income.

　　Choice "d" is incorrect. The impairment of an available-for-sale security is reported as a component of income from continuing operations and is not considered an extraordinary item.

　　Choice "c" is incorrect. The impairment of an available-for-sale security must be recorded on the income statement. Only gains and temporary losses on available-for-sale securities are reported in other comprehensive income.

　　2.A company reporting under IFRS holds a position in BE Corp. bonds that it classifies as available-for-sale. In the previous year, the company recorded an impairment loss related to the bonds. In the current year, the company reversed a portion of the impairment loss. How should the company account for the impairment loss reversal on its current year financial statements?

　　a. Recognize the increase as an adjustment to the previous year\'s income statement.

　　b. Book the reversal to the current year\'s other comprehensive income.

　　c. Book the increase as an adjustment to the previous year\'s other comprehensive income.

　　d. Recognize the reversal to the current year\'s income statement.

　　答案：D

　　Explanation

　　Choice "d" is correct. Under IFRS, reversals of impairment losses are allowed and the increase would be booked to the current year\'s income statement.

　　Choice "b" is incorrect. The increase for available-for-sale debt securities related to an impairment reversal will be report on the income statement and not in other comprehensive income.

　　Choice "a" is incorrect. The reversal should be reflected on the current year income statement.

　　Choice "c" is incorrect. The reversal would not be placed in either the current or previous year\'s other comprehensive income.

　　3.At the beginning of Year 2, a company invested $40,000 in a marketable equity security. At that time the security was appropriately classified as an available-for-sale security. At the end of Year 2, the security had a fair value of $28,500. The change in fair value is deemed temporary. How should this change in fair value be reported in the financial statements?

　　a. As a realized loss of $11,500 as part of net income.

　　b. As an unrealized loss of $11,500 as part of net income.

　　c. As a realized loss of $11,500 as part of other comprehensive income.

　　d. As an unrealized loss of $11,500 as part of other comprehensive income.

　　答案：D

　　Explanation

　　Choice “d” is correct. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale (AFS) securities are booked in other comprehensive income (OCI). Changes in the fair value of the securities will continue to go to OCI until the security is sold, at which point the balance in OCI will be removed and a realized gain or loss will be booked on the income statement. Because the security has not been sold, the change in fair value from $40,000 to $28,500 represents an unrealized loss of $11,500, which goes straight to OCI.

　　Choice “a” is incorrect. This choice would only be correct if the security was actually sold for $28,500. Changes in fair value for AFS securities represent unrealized gains or losses which go to OCI.

　　Choice “c” is incorrect. The loss of $11,500 will go into OCI, but it will be unrealized rather than realized.

　　Choice “b” is incorrect. Unrealized losses on AFS securities go into OCI rather than onto the income statement.